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兰瑞肽新用途挖掘,FDA批准治疗胃肠胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤

2014-12-19 14:23:03 来源:生物谷

2014年12月18日讯/生物谷BIOON/--近日,FDA批准Ipsen Pharma (易普森制药)的lanreotide(兰瑞肽)用于治疗无法切除或中度分化、局部晚期或转移性的胃肠胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤,以延长患者的无进展生存期。此前,lanreotide(兰瑞肽)主要是用来长期治疗那些不能手术或放疗、或是对其无反应的肢端肥大症患者。

此项授权主要是基于一项多中心、国际合作的随机双盲安慰剂对照试验结果(试验 2- 55-52030-726)。该试验有204名患有无法切除或中度分化、局部晚期或转移性的胃肠胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤的病人参与,结果表明该治疗能够延长无进展生存期。55%的患者(113/204)患有胰腺外发生的神经内分泌肿瘤。这些患者以28天为周期皮下注射lanreotide(兰瑞肽)120mg,或是安慰剂。

主要疗效终点是独立的放射学检查对患者的无进展生存期进行评估。试验证明lanreotide(兰瑞肽)组的无进展生存期明显延长,中位无进展生存期有望超过22个月,而安慰剂组的中位无进展生存期是16.6个月。

安全性数据是对101位接受至少一个单位剂量lanreotide(兰瑞肽)治疗的患者进行评估得出的。绝大多数(大于或等于10%)的不良反应是腹痛、骨骼肌肉痛、呕吐、头痛、注射部位反应、高血糖、高血压和胆结石。其中最常见的严重不良反应是呕吐(4%)。

lanreotide(兰瑞肽)治疗胃肠胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤的推荐剂量和周期是28天、120mg深层皮下注射。病情恶化或出现严重毒性时要停止治疗。

关于lanreotide(兰瑞肽)

兰瑞肽(INN)是一种用于治疗肢端肥大症以及神经内分泌肿瘤引发的综合征(特别是针对类癌瘤综合征)的药物。它与奥曲肽类似,是长效的生长激素抑制素八肽类似物。

兰瑞肽(比如醋酸兰瑞肽)是由易普森公司制造,并以索马杜林的商品名销售。它在多个国家得以使用,包括英国、澳大利亚和加拿大等,而且它在2007年8月30日被美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准得以在美国销售,中华人民共和国于2002年3月14日批准该药上市。

兰瑞肽人工合成的生长激素抑制素类似物,因此就对多种激素产生抑制作用,其中包括生长激素、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、胰岛素以及胰高血糖素。兰瑞肽与生长激素抑制素相似,通过受体发挥作用。它对外周生长抑素受体具有更高的亲和力,相似的活性,对中枢神经亲和性较弱。虽然生长激素抑制素在体内数分钟便会分解,兰瑞肽衰减期更长,因此产生更长效的作用。

原文 FDA Approves Somatuline Depot (lanreotide) for Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

The U. S. Food and Drug Administration has approved lanreotide (Somatuline Depot Injection, Ipsen Pharma) for the treatment of patients with unresectable, well or moderately differentiated, locally advanced or metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) to improve progression-free survival. Lanreotide was previously approved for the long-term treatment of acromegalic patients who have had an inadequate response to surgery and/or radiotherapy, or for whom surgery and/or radiotherapy is not an option.

The approval was based on demonstration of improved progression-free survival (PFS) in a multi-center, international, randomized (1:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled study (Trial 2- 55-52030-726) that enrolled 204 patients with unresectable, well- or moderately-differentiated, locally advanced or metastatic, non-functioning GEP-NETs. Fifty-five percent of patients (113/204) had neuroendocrine tumors arising outside the pancreas. Patients were randomized to receive either lanreotide 120 mg or placebo subcutaneously every 28 days.

The primary efficacy endpoint was PFS as determined by independent radiology review. The trial demonstrated a significant prolongation of PFS for the lanreotide arm [HR 0.47 (95% CI: 0.30, 0.73); p < 0.001; log-rank test]. The median PFS in the lanreotide arm had not been reached at the time of the final analysis and will exceed 22 months. The median PFS in the placebo arm was 16.6 months.

Safety data were evaluated in 101 patients who received at least one dose of lanreotide. The most commonly (greater than or equal to 10%) reported adverse reactions in lanreotide-treated patients were abdominal pain, musculoskeletal pain, vomiting, headache, injection site reaction, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and cholelithiasis. The most common serious adverse reaction of lanreotide observed in this trial was vomiting (4%).

The recommended dose and schedule for lanreotide for GEP-NET is lanreotide 120 mg administered by deep subcutaneous injection every 28 days. Treatment should continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

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